1. Kev faib tawm ntawmFibAmplifiers
Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm optical amplifiers:
(1) Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA, Semiconductor Optical Amplifier);
(2) Optical fiber amplifiers doped nrog lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj cov ntsiab lus (erbium Er, thulium Tm, praseodymium Pr, rubidium Nd, thiab lwm yam), feem ntau yog erbium-doped fiber ntau amplifiers (EDFA), as well as thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) thiab praseodymium-doped fiber amplifiers (PDFA), thiab lwm yam.
(3) Nonlinear fiber ntau amplifiers, feem ntau fiber ntau Raman amplifiers (FRA, Fiber Raman Amplifier).Qhov kev sib piv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag pom tau pom hauv lub rooj
EDFA (Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier)
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntau theem tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm doping quartz fiber ntau nrog lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj (xws li Nd, Er, Pr, Tm, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim yog ncaj qha amplified nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teeb lub teeb.Tom qab muab cov lus qhia tsim nyog, fiber ntau laser raug tsim.Kev ua haujlwm wavelength ntawm Nd-doped fiber ntau amplifier yog 1060nm thiab 1330nm, thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab daim ntawv thov raug txwv vim kev sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm fiber ntau optic kev sib txuas lus thiab lwm yam laj thawj.Kev khiav hauj lwm wavelengths ntawm EDFA thiab PDFA yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais ntawm qhov poob qis tshaj (1550nm) thiab xoom dispersion wavelength (1300nm) ntawm optical fiber kev sib txuas lus, thiab TDFA ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub S-band, uas yog heev haum rau optical fiber kev sib txuas lus daim ntaub ntawv. .Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog EDFA, txoj kev loj hlob sai tshaj plaws, tau ua tiav.
CovPLub ntsiab lus ntawm EDFA
Lub hauv paus qauv ntawm EDFA yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 1(a), uas yog tsim los ntawm ib tug active nruab nrab (erbium-doped silica fiber txog kaum ntawm meters ntev, nrog ib tug tub ntxhais txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3-5 microns thiab ib tug doping concentration ntawm (25). -1000)x10-6), twj tso kua mis lub teeb (990 lossis 1480nm LD), optical coupler thiab optical cais.Lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab lub teeb twj tso kua mis tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv tib qho kev taw qhia (codirectional pumping), cov lus qhia rov qab (reverse pumping) lossis ob qho tib si cov lus qhia (bidirectional pumping) hauv erbium fiber.Thaum lub teeb liab teeb liab thiab lub teeb twj tso kua mis raug txhaj rau hauv erbium fiber ntau tib lub sijhawm, erbium ions zoo siab rau qib siab zog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub teeb twj tso kua mis (Daim duab 1 (b), peb theem system), thiab sai sai mus rau theem metastable zog, thaum nws rov qab mus rau hauv av xeev nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov teeb meem teeb liab teeb, nws emits photons coj mus rau lub teeb liab teeb liab, thiaj li hais tias lub teeb liab amplified.Daim duab 1 (c) yog nws cov amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectrum nrog ib tug loj bandwidth (txog 20-40nm) thiab ob lub ncov sib xws rau 1530nm thiab 1550nm feem.
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm EDFA yog qhov nce siab, bandwidth loj, lub zog tso zis siab, siab twj tso kua mis, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab tsis hnov tsw rau lub xeev polarization.
2. Teeb meem nrog Fiber Optical Amplifiers
Txawm hais tias optical amplifier (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog EDFA) muaj ntau yam zoo, nws tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws amplifier.Ntxiv rau cov suab nrov ntxiv uas txo qhov SNR ntawm lub teeb liab, muaj qee qhov tsis txaus, xws li:
- Kev tsis sib xws ntawm qhov nce spectrum nyob rau hauv lub amplifier bandwidth cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau qhov kev nthuav dav;
- Thaum optical amplifiers yog cascaded, cov teebmeem ntawm ASE suab nrov, fiber ntau dispersion thiab nonlinear teebmeem yuav sib sau.
Cov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab hauv daim ntawv thov thiab kev tsim qauv.
3. Daim ntawv thov ntawm Optical Amplifier hauv Optical Fiber Communication System
Nyob rau hauv lub optical fiber kev sib txuas lus system, lubFiber Optical Amplifiertuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog ua lub zog txhawb zog amplifier ntawm lub transmitter kom nce lub zog kis tau tus mob, tab sis kuj yog lub preamplifier ntawm lub receiver los txhim kho qhov tau txais rhiab heev, thiab tseem tuaj yeem hloov cov tsoos kho qhov muag-hluav taws xob-optical repeater, kom txuas ntxiv mus. nyob deb thiab paub tag nrho-optical kev sib txuas lus.
Hauv kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag fiber ntau, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb txwv qhov kev sib kis deb yog qhov poob thiab tawg ntawm cov fiber ntau optical.Siv lub teeb nqaim-spectrum, lossis ua haujlwm zero-dispersion wavelength, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm fiber ntau dispersion yog me me.Lub kaw lus no tsis tas yuav ua tiav lub sijhawm teeb tsa rov tsim dua tshiab (3R relay) ntawm txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb relay.Nws yog txaus los mus ncaj qha mus rau amplify lub optical teeb liab nrog ib tug optical amplifier (1R relay).Optical amplifiers tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub cev ntev lub cev tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag fiber ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv WDM systems, kom nthuav dav ntau txoj hauv kev ib txhij.
1) Daim ntawv thov ntawm Optical Amplifiers hauv Trunk Optical Fiber Communication Systems
Daim duab 2 yog ib daim duab schematic ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm qhov kho qhov muag amplifier nyob rau hauv lub pob tw optical fiber kev sib txuas lus system.(a) daim duab qhia tau hais tias lub optical amplifier yog siv los ua lub hwj chim boost amplifier ntawm lub transmitter thiab lub preamplifier ntawm receiver thiaj li hais tias qhov tsis-relay nrug yog doubled.Piv txwv li, siv EDFA, kev sib kis kab mob Kev ncua deb ntawm 1.8Gb / s nce los ntawm 120km mus rau 250km lossis txawm nce mus txog 400km.Daim duab 2 (b)-(d) yog daim ntawv thov ntawm optical amplifiers nyob rau hauv multi-relay systems;Daim duab (b) yog ib txwm 3R relay hom;Daim duab (c) yog hom sib xyaw relay ntawm 3R repeaters thiab optical amplifiers;Daim duab 2 (d) Nws yog txhua hom kev kho qhov muag;nyob rau hauv tag nrho-optical kev sib txuas lus system, nws tsis suav nrog lub sij hawm thiab rov tsim dua circuits, yog li nws yog me ntsis-pob tshab, thiab tsis muaj "electronic bottle whisker" txwv.Ntev npaum li qhov xa thiab txais cov khoom ntawm ob qho kawg yog hloov, Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov kho los ntawm tus nqi qis mus rau tus nqi siab, thiab lub optical amplifier tsis tas yuav hloov.
2) Daim ntawv thov ntawm Optical Amplifier hauv Optical Fiber Distribution Network
Lub zog siab tso zis zoo ntawm optical amplifiers (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog EDFA) muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib txuas lus dav dav (xws liCATVNetworks).Cov tsoos CATV network txais cov coaxial cable, uas yuav tsum tau amplified txhua ob peb puas meters, thiab cov kev pab cuam lub vojvoog ntawm lub network yog hais txog 7 km.Optical fiber CATV network siv optical amplifiers tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv faib, tab sis kuj nthuav dav txoj hauv kev network.Kev tsim kho tsis ntev los no tau pom tias kev faib khoom ntawm fiber ntau optical / hybrid (HFC) rub lub zog ntawm ob qho tib si thiab muaj kev sib tw muaj zog.
Daim duab 4 yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev faib khoom siv fiber ntau rau AM-VSB kev hloov kho ntawm 35 channels ntawm TV.Lub teeb qhov chaw ntawm lub transmitter yog DFB-LD nrog lub wavelength ntawm 1550nm thiab tso zis zog ntawm 3.3dBm.Siv 4-theem EDFA raws li lub zog xa tawm amplifier, nws lub zog tawm tswv yim yog li -6dBm, thiab nws lub zog tso zis yog li 13dBm.Optical receiver rhiab heev -9.2d Bm.Tom qab 4 theem ntawm kev faib tawm, tag nrho cov neeg siv tau mus txog 4.2 lab, thiab txoj hauv kev network yog ntau tshaj kaum mais.Qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav-rau-lub suab sib piv ntawm qhov ntsuas tau ntau dua 45dB, thiab EDFA tsis ua rau txo qis hauv CSO.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-23-2023