1. Cov ntsiab lus attenuation siab tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tso
Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa cov xov hlau kho qhov muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tso ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 2-3 km, ntau yam teeb meem feem ntau ntsib. Kev tsim kho feem ntau yuav siv ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev deb ntev, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm sib koom tes ntawm txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem tshwj xeeb thaum hla dhau cov teeb meem xws li cov kav hlau tiv thaiv, khoov, toj, thiab kev hloov siab. Yog li ntawd, ib qho xwm txheej feem ntau hu ua "rov qab buckling" (dead bends) yuav tshwm sim, ua rau puas tsuaj loj heev rau cov xov hlau. Thaum ib qho dead bend tshwm sim, ib qho tseem ceeb attenuation point yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawd. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, ib feem lossis tag nrho fiber breakage yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem feem ntau thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov xov hlau kho qhov muag.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, thaum lub sijhawm tso cable, cov kawg ntawm cable feem ntau yuav raug puas tsuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm splicing, tus nqi attenuation siab feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw splicing. Txawm tias tom qab rov ua fusion splicing dua, qhov poob tsis tuaj yeem txo qis, ua rau muaj qhov chaw attenuation loj.
2. Cov ntsiab lus attenuation siab tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm splicing
Cov ntsiab lus siab attenuation feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm splicing. Feem ntau, OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) yog siv rau kev saib xyuas. Ntawd yog, tom qab txhua lub fiber raug spliced, tus nqi attenuation ntawm qhov chaw splice raug kuaj. Hauv kev xyaum, txoj kev sim bidirectional yog siv. Vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsim fiber, tsis muaj ob lub fibers zoo ib yam, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm hom teb txoj kab uas hla yeej ib txwm muaj. Yog li ntawd, tus nqi poob ntsuas los ntawm OTDR tsis yog qhov poob splice tiag tiag; nws yuav yog qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo. Feem ntau, qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nqi xeem bidirectional yog coj los ua tus nqi attenuation tiag tiag.
Thaum lub sijhawm splicing, kev saib xyuas tiag tiag feem ntau yog siv los xyuas kom meej tias qhov kev poob ntawm qhov sib txuas ua tau raws li cov hom phiaj tswj. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho ua rau muaj cov ntsiab lus loj loj tshwm sim tom qab splicing, thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia fiber. Qee cov fibers yuav raug rau الضغط lossis muaj lub vojvoog khoov me me dhau, tsim cov ntsiab lus siab attenuation. Qhov no yog vim tias cov fibers ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntev ntawm 1550 nm muaj kev nkag siab heev rau qhov poob ntawm qhov me me. Thaum cov fiber raug nias, qhov me me khoov tshwm sim; zoo sib xws, yog tias qhov vojvoog khoov me dhau thaum lub sijhawm fiber coiling, qhov poob ntawm lub teeb liab tseem ceeb tshwm sim ntawm qhov ntawd. Ntawm OTDR backscatter curve, qhov no tshwm sim ua cov kauj ruam loj attenuation.
Lwm qhov ua rau feem ntau tsis quav ntsej tshwm sim tom qab sib dhos lub kaw sib txuas. Thaum kho lub kaw thiab khi lub cable, yog tias lub cable tsis tau ruaj khov rau hauv lub kaw, kev sib ntswg yuav tshwm sim, ua rau cov raj fiber buffer deformation. Kev nias ntawm cov fibers ces ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev attenuation, tsim kev poob kauj ruam.
3. Cov ntsiab lus siab attenuation tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm thauj mus los thiab kev tuav pov hwm
Thaum cov xov hluav taws xob optical raug thauj mus rau qhov chaw tsim kho, qhov chaw ib puag ncig feem ntau nyuaj heev. Tshwj xeeb, thaum tso cov xov hluav taws xob sib txuas lus, cov cranes feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem mus txog qhov chaw. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov xov hluav taws xob feem ntau raug thauj thiab tshem tawm tes. Thaum lub sijhawm tshem tawm, txheej sab nraud ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob yooj yim puas tsuaj. Ib qho laj thawj yog vim tias lub nruas cable txoj kab uas hla me dhau, ua rau txheej sab nraud ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob nyob ze rau hauv av dhau. Cov xwm txheej hauv av ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho feem ntau tsis sib xws, nrog rau qhov nyuaj sib txawv. Thaum dov lub nruas cable, nws tuaj yeem poob rau hauv av, ua rau cov xov hluav taws xob sab nraud raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom tawv. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias qee cov chaw tsim khoom siv cov nruas me dua los txo cov nqi tsim khoom.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tias lub nruas cable tsis tau tiv thaiv zoo nrog cov ntoo (qee lub nruas siv cov thav hlau thiab tsis tuaj yeem kaw tag nrho nrog ntoo), thiab tsuas yog siv cov yas qhwv xwb, lossis yog tias lub hau tiv thaiv tsis tau rov qab los tom qab kev sim ib lub nruas, lub cable tsis tau tiv thaiv zoo. Thaum lub plhaub sab nraud raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom tawv xws li pob zeb, cov fibers hauv cov raj buffer raug nias, ua rau muaj cov kauj ruam attenuation. Ntawm OTDR backscatter curve, qhov no tshwm sim ua qhov loj attenuation point.
4. Cov ntsiab lus attenuation siab tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm xaus
Cov ntsiab lus siab attenuation kuj feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm cable xaus. Thaum lub sijhawm xaus, kev saib xyuas kev poob splice feem ntau tsis ua, thiab kev ua haujlwm vam khom kev paub dhau los, ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntsiab lus loj attenuation. Ntxiv mus, tom qab fiber splicing, thaum txhim kho lub tais cia fiber, cov raj buffer ze ntawm lub tais yuav raug khoov nrog lub vojvoog me dhau lossis twisted thiab deformed. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev attenuation tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawd.
Cov ntsiab lus attenuation no feem ntau raug zais thiab tsis yooj yim pom zoo li cov nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cable siv OTDR.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-23-2026