Cov khoom siv los tsim cov fibers optical tuaj yeem nqus lub teeb lub zog. Tom qab cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv fiber ntau nqus lub teeb lub zog, lawv tsim kev co thiab cua sov, thiab dissipate lub zog, uas ua rau absorbing poob.Kab lus no yuav txheeb xyuas qhov nqus ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau.
Peb paub tias qhov teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm atoms thiab molecules, thiab atoms yog tsim los ntawm atomic nuclei thiab extranuclear electrons, uas tig ib ncig ntawm lub atomic nucleus nyob rau hauv ib co orbit. Qhov no zoo ib yam li lub ntiaj teb uas peb nyob, nrog rau cov ntiaj chaw zoo li Venus thiab Mars, txhua tus tig ncig lub hnub. Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj qee lub zog thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub orbit, los yog lwm yam lus, txhua lub orbit muaj qee lub zog.
Lub orbital zog theem nyob ze rau lub atomic nucleus yog qis dua, thaum lub orbital zog theem nyob deb ntawm lub atomic nucleus siab dua.Qhov loj ntawm lub zog theem sib txawv ntawm orbits yog hu ua lub zog theem sib txawv. Thaum cov hluav taws xob hloov pauv los ntawm qib qis zog mus rau qib siab zog, lawv yuav tsum nqus lub zog ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog sib txawv.
Hauv cov fibers kho qhov muag, thaum electrons ntawm ib theem zog yog irradiated nrog lub teeb ntawm lub wavelength sib haum mus rau lub zog theem sib txawv, electrons nyob rau hauv qis-zog orbitals yuav hloov mus rau orbitals nrog ntau zog zog.Cov hluav taws xob no absorbs lub teeb lub zog, ua rau kom tsis pom lub teeb.
Cov khoom siv yooj yim rau kev tsim cov fibers optical, silicon dioxide (SiO2), nws tus kheej absorbs lub teeb, ib qho hu ua ultraviolet absorption thiab lwm yam hu ua infrared absorption. Tam sim no, fiber ntau optic kev sib txuas lus feem ntau tsuas yog ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub wavelength ntau ntawm 0.8-1.6 μ m, yog li peb tsuas yog tham txog qhov poob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm no.
Lub ncov nqus tau tsim los ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv quartz iav yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.1-0.2 μ m wavelength hauv cheeb tsam ultraviolet. Raws li lub wavelength nce, nws nqus tau maj mam txo, tab sis thaj tsam cuam tshuam yog dav, ncav cuag wavelengths siab tshaj 1 μ m. Txawm li cas los xij, UV nqus tau me ntsis cuam tshuam rau quartz optical fibers ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam infrared. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub teeb pom kev thaj tsam ntawm ib tug wavelength ntawm 0.6 μ m, lub ultraviolet nqus tau mus txog 1 dB / km, uas txo mus rau 0.2-0.3 dB / km ntawm ib tug wavelength ntawm 0.8 μ m, thiab tsuas yog hais txog 0.1 dB / km ntawm ib tug wavelength ntawm 1.2 μ m.
Lub infrared absorption poob ntawm quartz fiber yog tsim los ntawm molecular kev co ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam infrared. Muaj ob peb vibration absorption peaks nyob rau hauv lub zaus band saum 2 μ m. Vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam doping ntsiab nyob rau hauv optical fibers, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau quartz fibers kom muaj ib tug tsawg poob qhov rais nyob rau hauv lub zaus band saum toj no 2 μ m. Lub theoretical txwv qhov poob ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1.85 μ m yog ldB / km.Los ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nws kuj tau pom tias muaj qee qhov "kev puas tsuaj molecules" ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv quartz iav, feem ntau cuam tshuam kev hloov pauv hlau impurities xws li tooj liab, hlau, chromium, manganese, thiab lwm yam. Cov \'villains\' greedily nqus lub zog nyob rau hauv lub illumination ntawm lub teeb, dhia thiab dhia ncig, ua rau lub teeb poob. Tshem tawm \'teeb meem\' thiab tshuaj ntxuav cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim cov fibers optical tuaj yeem txo qhov poob zoo.
Lwm qhov chaw nqus hauv quartz optical fibers yog hydroxide (OH -) theem. Nws tau pom tias hydroxide muaj peb qhov nqus siab tshaj plaws hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov fiber ntau, uas yog 0.95 μ m, 1.24 μ m, thiab 1.38 μ m. Ntawm lawv, qhov nqus poob ntawm lub wavelength ntawm 1.38 μ m yog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm fiber ntau. Ntawm ib lub wavelength ntawm 1.38 μ m, qhov nqus ncov poob tsim los ntawm hydroxide ions nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.0001 tsuas yog siab li 33dB / km.
Cov hydroxide ions no tuaj qhov twg los? Muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm hydroxide ions. Ua ntej, cov ntaub ntawv siv los tsim cov fibers optical muaj cov dej noo thiab hydroxide, uas nyuaj rau tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm raw khoom purification txheej txheem thiab thaum kawg tseem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydroxide ions nyob rau hauv lub optical fibers; Qhov thib ob, cov tshuaj hydrogen thiab oxygen siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag muaj cov dej noo me me; Thib peb, dej yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm optical fibers vim muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv; Qhov thib plaub yog qhov nkag ntawm huab cua sab nraud coj cov dej vapor. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tam sim no tau tsim los rau qib siab, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm hydroxide ions tau raug txo kom tsawg txaus uas nws cuam tshuam rau cov fibers optical tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-23-2025