Nyob rau lub sijhawm no ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm is taws nem, fiber optic siv tshuab tau nkag mus rau txhua qhov ntawm peb lub neej. Kev ruaj khov thiab kev sib txuas ceev ceev yog qhov tseem ceeb txawm tias koj nyiam saib TV qhia, ua si hauv tsev, lossis ua haujlwm ntau yam lag luam hauv kev lag luam. Ntawm cov thev naus laus zis ntau rau kev siv fiber ntau optic, EPON thiab GPON yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Niaj hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub thev naus laus zis no ua ke.
Keeb kwm ntawm Technology thiab Standard Protocol
EPON, Ethernet passive optical network yog tsim los ntawm Ethernet technology. Nws ua raws li tus qauv IEEE 802.3ah. Tus qauv no tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm EPON thiab Ethernet ncaj qha, raws li nws ncaj qha txais cov qauv ntawm Ethernet, ib yam li muab Ethernet rau ntawm "lub tsho tiv no" ntawm fiber optic nkag. Rau cov neeg uas twb paub txog Ethernet thev naus laus zis, EPON cov cuab yeej tu, kev tswj xyuas network, thiab lwm yam haujlwm zoo li kev ua haujlwm hauv kev paub, yooj yim kawm thiab nkag siab yooj yim. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv network uas twb tau dav nteg Ethernet kab, yog yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab rau fiber optic nkag, EPON technology tau yooj yim ua tau seamless kev koom ua ke nrog Ethernet li uas twb muaj lawm.
GPON, Tus qauv rau Gigabit Passive Optical Networks yog ITU-T G.984 series. Nws txais yuav qhov kev sib tw ntau dua thiab cov txheej txheem encapsulation - GEM (GPON Encapsulation Method). GEM zoo li lub ntse "kho" uas tuaj yeem txhim kho thiab ntim ntau hom kev lag luam ntws. Qhov no ua rau GPON ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua lag luam, txawm hais tias nws yog lub suab hu, xa cov ntaub ntawv loj heev, lossis cov ntsiab lus video playback, GPON tuaj yeem teb tau yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev pabcuam kev sib koom ua ke uas muab cov neeg siv nkag mus hauv Is Taws Nem, IPTV thiab VoIP cov kev pabcuam tib lub sijhawm, GPON tuaj yeem tswj hwm thiab xa cov kev pabcuam sib txawv no raws li kev txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm nws cov kev pabcuam muaj peev xwm hloov kho, kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov kev pabcuam tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Ceev thiab bandwidth efficiency
Lub uplink thiab downlink tus nqi ntawm EPON feem ntau yog symmetrical, nrog ib tug raug tus nqi ntawm 1.25Gbps. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus tiag tiag, vim yog qhov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm ntawm Ethernet thav duab, xws li ntau yam kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv nqa thaum pib thiab xaus ntawm tus ncej, txawm hais tias cov ntaub ntawv no tseem ceeb heev rau kev xa tawm thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv raug, lawv kuj tuav qee qhov kev pab cuam bandwidth, uas ua rau qhov tseeb bandwidth siv rau kev xa cov ntaub ntawv cov neeg siv tau qis dua li nominal 1.25Gbps.
GPON yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ceev, nrog downlink ceev txog li 2.488Gbps thiab uplink ceev ntawm 1.244Gbps los yog 2.488Gbps. GPON txais yuav ib lub thav duab ntev ntawm 125 μs thiab yog nruab nrog ib tug npaum bandwidth faib algorithm. Nws zoo li nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj, GPON tsis tsuas yog nthuav dav txoj kab, tab sis kuj ua kom zoo dua cov kev cai tsheb thauj mus los, tso cai rau cov tsheb (cov ntaub ntawv) mus ncig ntau dua thiab ua tau zoo. Ua li no, GPON zoo dua li EPON hauv kev ua haujlwm bandwidth thiab tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua hauv tib lub sijhawm.
Spectral piv
Qhov sib cais qhov sib piv yog qhov qhia tau tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov peev txheej ntawm fiber ntau optic nkag tshuab thiab cov neeg siv khoom nqa. Nws yog hais txog qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm qhov kho qhov muag network units (ONUs) uas ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag (OLT) tuaj yeem txuas rau.
Qhov sib cais ntawm EPON feem ntau yog 1: 32, thiab nrog kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1: 64. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias hauv EPON network, ib qho khoom siv OLT tuaj yeem txuas mus txog 32, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, 64 ONU cov neeg siv cov terminals. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm fiber optic nkag mus rau hauv ib cheeb tsam nyob, yog EPON technology siv thiab cov splitting ratio yog 1:32, ces ib tug OLT ntaus ntawv tsuas yog muab kev pab cuam network nkag mus rau ntau tshaj 32 tsev neeg.
GPON muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm kev sib cais, nrog rau qhov sib cais ntawm 1: 64, thiab txawm tias nyob rau hauv qee qhov ua tib zoo tsim thiab ua kom zoo dua qub, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov sib cais ntawm 1: 128. Qhov sib cais loj dua ua rau GPON ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev pab them nqi thiab cov neeg siv txuas nrog. Siv cov chaw nyob deb nroog ua piv txwv, vim lawv thaj chaw loj heev thiab cov neeg siv khoom sib cais, yog tias siv GPON thev naus laus zis, siv nws cov khoom siv kho qhov muag siab, ib qho khoom siv OLT tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv ntau dua, txo cov nqi siv cuab yeej cuab tam thiab txo qhov nyuaj ntawm kev tsim kho thiab tu.
Khoom siv thiab compatibility
EPON cov cuab yeej muaj qee qhov txiaj ntsig zoo vim lawv tso siab rau Ethernet thev naus laus zis. Nws cov khoom siv yog tus nqi qis, uas yog qhov txaus nyiam heev rau cov phiaj xwm kev tsim kho network nrog cov peev nyiaj tsawg thiab kev nkag siab rau cov nqi. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho network ntawm qee lub lag luam me lossis cov phiaj xwm kho dua tshiab ntawm cov chaw qub qub, vim muaj cov nyiaj tsawg, cov khoom siv qis qis ntawm EPON tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho. Ntxiv mus, vim muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm EPON thiab Ethernet, EPON cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem yooj yim sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv sib txuas uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas Ethernet tau siv dav, tsis tas yuav hloov cov khoom siv loj, ntxiv txo tus nqi ntawm kev hloov kho network.
GPON cov cuab yeej, vim lawv cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb, muaj kev tshawb fawb siab thiab cov nqi tsim khoom rau cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li chips, uas ua rau cov khoom siv tag nrho cov nqi siab. Txawm li cas los xij, GPON cov cuab yeej, nrog rau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm txhawb kev lag luam nplua nuj, tau pom muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb hauv qee qhov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab hauv network thiab kev lag luam ntau yam. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov lag luam loj loj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam loj, muab cov kev pabcuam wireless network ruaj khov rau cov neeg siv khoom, thiab ua tiav ntau yam kev lag luam xws li kev tswj xyuas lub tsev ntse. GPON cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem muab kev txhawb nqa txhim khu kev qha rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam nyuaj nrog lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab ua tau yooj yim.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-17-2025